Records Committee

Secretary’s Report

Submitted by Jon S. Greenlaw

FOS Board of Directors Meeting, 14 October 2005

Synopsis

The FOSRC held its summer meeting on 10 September 2005 at Archbold Biological Station, Venus, Florida. We reviewed 13 new reports and re-opened an old one. Eight of the 13 new reports were submitted with photographs, and one was based on a specimen and a manuscript submitted to Florida Field Naturalist (FFN). The Committee re-opened the file (subsequently tabled) of a putative White-tipped Dove (Dry Tortugas, spring 2003) to consider new photographs and a written description of the bird. Altogether, we evaluated information that concerned 3 ducks, a shorebird, a tern, a dove, a hummingbird, 2 tyrant flycatchers, and single reports of a vireo, tanager, honeycreeper, and Passerina bunting. One species, the Varied Bunting, was added to the Official State List of the Birds of Florida (see Appendix 1), and none was removed. Two of the new reports either were tabled or unresolved, nine were accepted, and two were not accepted. Two of the accepted reports concerned subspecies or identifiable populations that deserved attention because of taxonomic or rarity considerations. Currently, given 3 new species added to the Florida Bird List in January 2005, and the single species added at the October 2005 meeting, the Florida List stands at 495 species. The Committee recommended that the FOS directors consider encouraging the FFN editor to publish color plates in support of articles in that journal as appropriate.

Meeting Accomplishments

The Records Committee of the Florida Ornithological Society met at Archbold Biological Station, Venus, Florida, on 10 September 2005. Members present and their year of term expiration on the FOSRC were Reed Bowman (2005), Jon Greenlaw (Secretary, 2006), Fred Lohrer (2007), Mickey Wheeler (2008), Todd Engstrom (2009), Sally Jue (2010), and Andy Kratter (2011). Glen Woolfenden, member-elect to replace Reed Bowman who leaves the Committee after the Fall FOS meeting, sat in on the meeting. In the text that follows, bolded species or subspecies names indicate accepted sighting reports.

1. Meeting convened at 09:10, chaired by Jon Greenlaw, Secretary.

2. Minutes of the 15 January 2005 meeting at the FLMNH, Gainesville, Florida, were reviewed and accepted as revised before the meeting.

3. RC 05-561 SAY’S PHOEBE, Sayornis saya, adult, unknown sex, observed by one person, 26 January 2005, at St. Marks NWR, Wakulla Co., Florida. No photograph. The description was minimally adequate, and seemed to rule out alternative possibilities. There was an issue about how much the description in the report was influenced after the fact by the description and plate in Sibley’s bird guide. VOTE: 5 accept, 2 not accept. UNRESOLVED. Report is tabled and will be considered again at our next meeting.

4. RC 05-562 GOLDEN-CROWNED SPARROW, Zonotrichia atricapilla, an adult, unknown sex, observed by single person, 6 February 2005, at Zellwood, Orange Co., Florida. No photograph. Head color and pattern fit a bird in breeding or near-breeding condition. The Committee wanted to learn more about plumages and the chronology of pre-alternate molt in this species. Report tabled. No vote taken.

5. RC 05-563 Species mis-identified, not on review list. Report was withdrawn by observer before the meeting, so the Committee did not consider the submission under this catalog number.

6. RC 05-564 EURASIAN GREEN-WINGED TEAL, Anas crecca crecca, an adult male observed and photographed, 15-25 February 2005, Chapman’s Pond, Gainesville, Alachua Co., Florida. Bird in breeding plumage. Photographs diagnostic, showed clean white scapular stripe, complete absence of vertical, white breast stripe, strong facial frame, and relatively strong flank vermiculations, all characteristic of nominate Anas crecca. There was no evidence of even a short vertical white stripe on the side of breast, which is expected in a hybrid. We know of no waterfowl collections in the region. We considered this report because of the possibility of a future change of taxonomic status of the Eurasian populations by the Committee on Classification and Nomenclature of the A.O.U. British ornithologists already regard the Eurasian populations as distinct from the North American ones at the species level. VOTE: 7 accept, 0 not accept. ACCEPTED.

7. RC 05-565 ALLEN’S HUMMINGBIRD, Selasphorus sasin, an AHY female, captured on 18 Dec 2004, banded, measured, and photographed, Tallahassee, Florida. The combination of measurements, photographs, and careful description combined to yield a strong report. Wing chord (41.4 mm), width of R5 (2.6 mm), and the absence of an apical notch on R2 confirmed the bird as an adult female S. sasin. Measurements and R2 shape were compared with those of a Rufous Hummingbird (S. rufus) banded two weeks earlier in the same yard. VOTE: 7 accept, 0 not accept. ACCEPTED.

8. RC 05-566 SURFBIRD, Aphriza virgata, adult, sex unknown, observed (2 reports submitted) and photographed (one observer) on 10-11 April 2005, on south jetty, Ponce DeLeon Inlet, New Smyrna Beach, Volusia Co., Florida. Photographs and descriptions diagnostic: Chunky body, gray head streaking, heavy bill, stout yellow legs, and white tail with broad, black terminal band all combined to identify the species. VOTE: 7 accept, 0 not accept. ACCEPTED.

9. RC 05-567 MASKED DUCK, Nomonyx dominicus, two female-plumaged individuals associating together, photograph of one bird submitted, observed on 16 March 2005 off Wickham Rd. in water treatment pond, Viera, Brevard Co., Florida. Description terse, but photograph diagnostic: Two parallel black stripes crossed head, ground color of head buffy-brown, strong blackish mottling on dorsum, heavy bill. VOTE: 7 accept, 0 not accept. ACCEPTED

10. RC 05-568 MASKED DUCK, Nomonyx dominicus, single adult male in breeding plumage observed on 7 June 2005 in a pond in the Stonybrook subdivision off central Sarasota Parkway, Sarasota, Sarasota Co., Florida. Permission was given to use photograph, but no documentation form was submitted. The single photograph was diagnostic: heavy pale blue bill with conspicuous dark nail, extensive black half-hood on fore-part of head, rest of head and exposed body rusty brown, spiky tail. VOTE: 7 accept, 0 not accept. ACCEPTED.

11. RC 05-569 ELEGANT TERN, Sterna elegans, three individuals together on sandbar, unknown age and sex, 17 April 2005, off Flamingo visitor center, Everglades N.P., Monroe Co., Florida. Written documentation submitted, no photograph. Birds were relatively distant from observer (to 400 yds), in mid-morning light under windy conditions, with observer looking southward into Florida Bay. Description suggestive, but conditions make it difficult to rule out S. elegans x S. sandvicensis. Details of bill and crest shapes uncertain. VOTE: 0 accept, 7 not accept. NOT ACCEPTED.

12. RC 05-570 SULPHUR-BELLIED FLYCATCHER, Myiodynastes luteiventris, a single individual, apparently a HY bird (conspicuous, pale rictus), sex unknown, observed by several people, 6-13 November 2005, at “Lucky Hammock” near entrance to Everglades N.P., Miami-Dade Co., Florida. Excellent photographs (one observer) and description (another observer) diagnostic. Overall size of bird, relative bill size, general plumage patterns, rufous tail, and broad, attenuating lateral throat stripes that met under the chin together indicated Myiodynastes flycatcher, and eliminated similar species such as Streaked Flycatcher (Myiodynastes maculatus) and Variegated Flycatcher (Empidonomus varius). VOTE: 7 accept, 0 not accept. ACCEPTED.

13. RC 05-571 THICK-BILLED VIREO, Vireo crassirostris, an adult male (song later reported) seen by multiple observers, 4-15 (at least) May 2005, at Ann Kolb Nature Center, Dania Beach, Broward Co., Florida. One observer report and photographs from 3 sources were submitted or taken from the Internet. The photographs and description were diagnostic. White-eyed Vireo (Vireo griseus) and Mangrove Vireo (V. pallens) were discounted by combinations of characters pertaining to bill size, eye color, distribution of yellow on underparts, eyering conformation, and color contrast between crown/hindneck versus back (last from nicely exposed photograph). VOTE: 7 accept, 0 not accept. ACCEPTED.

14. RC 05-572 WESTERN SPINDALIS, Spindalis zena subsp., a green-backed adult male seen by multiple observers, 25 October 2004 to 24 March 2005, at Indigenous Park, Key West, Monroe Co., Florida. Although the species is no longer on our Review List, we chose to review this sighting because it represents a population (green-backed birds) not previously verified in Florida, and because the taxonomic status of this polytypic species may be revised in the future. We looked at one observer report and photographs from three sources. We evaluated geographic variation in plumage color and pattern using the best available recent source (Garrido et al. 1997). Comparative photographs of S. z. pretrei (Cuba) and S. z. salvini (Cayman Islands) taken from the Internet and in Bradley (1985) provided supplementary material for our analysis. Black-backed races occur in the central and northern Bahamas, although some green-backed individuals occur on Great Abaco and many on Grand Bahama (S. z. townsendi). The relatively bright nuchal collar, olive-green (rather than dusky-green) mantle (traditional usage), and absence of a distinct blackish chest band that segregates the yellow throat from the yellow breast discount townsendi. The westernmost population on Cozumel Island and adjoining Quintana Roo, Mexico, is discounted by the brighter nuchal collar, smaller beak, and yellower breast in the Key West bird. The characters visible in the photographs of the Key West Spindalis, in particular mantle color, relatively bright nuchal collar, medium-sized bill, and clean white supercilium suggests origin from Cuba or Grand Cayman (pretrei or salvini, respectively). Individuals from the Grand Cayman population tend to have a speckled black supraloral area (anterior supercilium) and a two-toned nuchal collar, which the Key West bird evidently lacked. For another analysis, see Pranty and Smith (2001). In any event, the Committee did not vote on the issue of subspecies determination. We considered only the proposition that the Key West bird represented a green-backed Spindalis zena. VOTE: 7 accept, 0 not accept. ACCEPTED.

15. RC 05-573 RED-LEGGED HONEYCREEPER, Cyanerpes cyaneus, another adult male, observed on 21 April 2005, in Fort Zachary Taylor S.P., Key West, Monroe Co., Florida. The Committee continues to have reservations about the origin of free-flying individuals of this species in southern Florida considering its current popularity in Florida aviculture. We still await sightings of greenish females or immature birds, which together may be more frequent in natural populations and less likely in captive populations than are adult males. VOTE; 0 accept, 7 not accept. NOT ACCEPTED.

16. RC 05-574 VARIED BUNTING, Passerina versicolor, an adult male (specimen, GEW 6004) was found dead beneath a window on 1 June 2005, Siesta Key, Sarasota Co., Florida. A manuscript has been submitted to the Florida Field Naturalist (Woolfenden and van Deventer, in press). This is the first record of the species from Florida. VOTE: 7 accept, 0 not accept. ACCEPTED. New addition to the Florida Bird List.

17. RC 03-504 WHITE-TIPPED DOVE, Leptotila verreauxi subsp., Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Monroe Co., Florida. The Committee voted to re-open this report. The bird was observed and photographed 19 April to 2 May 2003. The original report was accompanied by photographs but no description of the bird was submitted. The Committee reviewed this report at length in July 2003 at its summer meeting. Color and lighting varied among the photographs, making comparison difficult and interpretation ambiguous. The file was tabled, and then reconsidered at the January 2004 meeting after three new photos were added to the file. We still did not have a formal report that detailed what an observer saw in the field. We did see some descriptive and interpretative information taken from the Web. The report was finally rejected, mainly because the photographs (in sun versus shade) were ambiguous about some colors on head and underparts, and these issues could not be resolved. Recently (February 2005), another observer sent us a series of 8 additional photographs together with his analysis of the photographs, and a detailed post hoc description of the bird (based on the photographs and his memory of the sighting). In addition, one Committee member recently visited Quintana Roo (Yucatan Peninsula), Mexico, where he saw and photographed White-tipped Dove (L. v. fulviventris), and observed Caribbean Dove (L. jamaicensis gaumeri) on Cozumel Island. After a review of the file and consideration of recent material, the report again was tabled pending an examination of specimens of gaumeri at the next meeting (Jan 2006) in the FLMNH.

18. NEW BUSINESS:

a. There were no Subcommittee reports.

b. 15^th Report.--Reed Bowman reported that the 15th Report of the FOSRC is forthcoming. This report will fulfill his final duty as recently-past Secretary of the FOSRC. Again, we re-iterated our indebtedness to Reed for his exemplary leadership. Glen E. Woolfenden (Archbold Biological Station, term ending 1012) will rejoin the Committee in Reed’s place after Reed steps down formally at the FOS fall meeting (by the time this report was prepared, the appointment had been made by FOS President Jack Hailman and accepted by GEW).

c. Color photos in FFN.--The Committee discussed the desirability of publishing photographs, including photographs in color, to accompany the species accounts of accepted reports in the Florida Field Naturalist. This approach is used very effectively by the California Bird Records Committee in its annual report that appears in Western Birds (e.g., Cole and McCaskie 2004). Fred Lohrer made the following motion: The FOSRC recommends that FFN publish color plates as appropriate to accompany research papers and other articles that appear in the journal. Todd Engstrom seconded the motion. After a discussion, the motion was called: Vote: 7 yes, 0 no, 0 abstain. This recommendation will be brought to the Board of the FOS at its Fall 2005 meeting.

d. Verification of Internet photos.--The Committee discussed a current tendency among field observers to post their photographs of review list species seen in Florida on the Internet without also submitting their observations or photographs to the FOSRC. Also, other observers may submit their photographs of rare birds to a friend who may submit them to the Committee without any report. We are finding that even when the people are invited to submit their observations and supporting documentation to the Committee that they do not do so. In recent months we had three such cases involving Ross’s Geese and an Iceland Gull photographed in Escambia Co. (images submitted to the Committee by a friend of the observer with locality, date, and observer information; observer has not responded to email pleas to submit a report), and a White-faced Ibis in Wakulla Co. (photograph posted to the Internet, but photographer has not submitted to the Committee even though he said that he would). Our Rules and Procedures (Section 2a) specify that we must evaluate reports and supporting documentation submitted directly to the Committee, or that we can consider reports published in a journal or specimens deposited in a museum. The article also adds that “If the Secretary, or any 5 members of the Committee acting together, believes that a published reference may constitute a “Published Account”, the Secretary shall complete a substitute reporting form making reference to said published material and/or underlying evidence, and treat it as if it had been sent to the Committee under 1.a. above.” This statement seems to provide some leeway to regard a photograph and associated evidence on the Internet as a Published Account. The Secretary sought the advice of the Committee with respect to the general issue and to the specific cases mentioned above. The unanimous consensus was that we must expect and demand basic documentation from observers. Submission of documentation to the Committee provides observer accountability and verifies that the evidence was collected in Florida at a specified time and place. Second-hand submissions through an intermediary, or photographs that appear on the Internet that are not submitted directly to the Committee, do not rise to the level of accountability and verification. Thus, as a general practice, the Committee agreed that Internet photographs per se will not be regarded as Published Accounts. We set aside the cases detailed above pending receipt of submitted reports that minimally provided sufficient documentation for us to proceed. We would like to see complete reports, but we will accept a photograph(s) submitted by an observer directly to the Committee that arrives only with verification of date, place, and name and address of the observer.

e. Species review list.--We reiterated our intent to place the Alder Flycatcher (Empidonax alnorum) and the Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii) on the Review List of Species in Florida, with the proviso that we will only consider reports that are accompanied by recordings or video that document vocalizations. The purpose of this decision is to seek information to help us understand the nonbreeding status and distribution of these two species in Florida.

f. FOSRC website.--The Committee discussed the matter of upgrading and updating the FOSRC website pages. In particular, we considered the possibility of providing a search capability that will allow interested readers to extract information from the electronic catalog of submitted reports and records that we now maintain.

g. Next meeting.--Finally, we agreed to hold a winter meeting in January 2006 at the FLMNH in Gainesville to use their collections to evaluate a tabled report, and to plan concrete steps to upgrade and preserve our archives, which are stored in the Ornithology Department at the museum.

19. As we did last year, the FOSRC requests an annual budget allocation of $1000 to defray costs of disseminating reports to committee members (copy costs, mailing etc.) and to help defray travel costs to members of our biannual meetings.

20. Meeting adjourned at 16:00.

Literature Cited

Bradley, P. 1985. Birds of the Cayman Islands. Privately published, George Town, Grand Cayman, B.W.I.

Cole, L. W., and G. McCaskie. 2004. Report of the California Bird Records Committee: 2002 records. Western Birds 35(1): 2-31.

Garrido, O. H., K. C. Parkes, G. B. Reynard, A. Kirkconnell, and R. Sutton. 1997. Taxonomy of the Stripe-headed Tanager, genus Spindalis (Aves: Thraupidae) of the West Indies. Wilson Bulletin 109(4): 561-594.

Pranty, B., and P. W. Smith. 2001. Status, distribution, and taxonomy of the Spindalis complex (“Stripe-headed Tanager”) in Florida. Florida Field Naturalist 29(1): 13-25.

Woolfenden, G. E., and M. van Deventer. In press. First record of the Varied Bunting from Florida. Florida Field Naturalist.

Respectfully submitted,

Jon

Jon S. Greenlaw,

Secretary, FOSRC,

26 October 2005.

APPENDIX 1. Official State List of the Florida Ornithological Society Records Committee

Amended, 13 October 2005

KEY: * Currently a Review List Species

e Established exotic in Florida

x Extirpated species in Florida

ANATIDAE

Dendrocygna autumnalis Black-bellied Whistling-Duck

Dendrocygna bicolor Fulvous Whistling-Duck

Anser albifrons Greater White-fronted Goose

Chen caerulescens Snow Goose

Chen rossii Ross's Goose *

Branta hutchinsii Cackling Goose *

Branta canadensis Canada Goose

Branta bernicla Brant

Cygnus columbianus Tundra Swan

Cairina moschata Muscovy Duck (e)

Aix sponsa Wood Duck

Anas strepera Gadwall

Anas penelope Eurasian Wigeon

Anas americana American Wigeon

Anas rubripes American Black Duck

Anas platyrhynchos Mallard

Anas fulvigula Mottled Duck

Anas discors Blue-winged Teal

Anas cyanoptera Cinnamon Teal

Anas clypeata Northern Shoveler

Anas bahamensis White-cheeked Pintail *

Anas acuta Northern Pintail

Anas crecca Green-winged Teal

Aythya valisineria Canvasback

Aythya americana Redhead

Aythya collaris Ring-necked Duck

Aythya marila Greater Scaup

Aythya affinis Lesser Scaup

Somateria spectabilis King Eider *

Somateria mollissima Common Eider

Histrionicus histrionicus Harlequin Duck

Melanitta perspicillata Surf Scoter

Melanitta fusca White-winged Scoter

Melanitta nigra Black Scoter

Clangula hyemalis Long-tailed Duck

Bucephala albeola Bufflehead

Bucephala clangula Common Goldeneye

Lophodytes cucullatus Hooded Merganser

Mergus merganser Common Merganser *

Mergus serrator Red-breasted Merganser

Nomonyx dominicus Masked Duck *

Oxyura jamaicensis Ruddy Duck

PHASIANIDAE

Meleagris gallopavo Wild Turkey

Colinus virginianus Northern Bobwhite

GAVIIDAE

Gavia stellata Red-throated Loon

Gavia pacifica Pacific Loon

Gavia immer Common Loon

PODICIPEDIDAE

Tachybaptus dominicus Least Grebe *

Podilymbus podiceps Pied-billed Grebe

Podiceps auritus Horned Grebe

Podiceps grisegena Red-necked Grebe *

Podiceps nigricollis Eared Grebe

Aechmophorus occidentalis Western Grebe *

DIOMEDEIDAE

Thalassarche chlororhynchos Yellow-nosed Albatross *

PROCELLARIIDAE

Pterodroma hasitata Black-capped Petrel

Calonectris diomedea Cory's Shearwater

Puffinus gravis Greater Shearwater

Puffinus griseus Sooty Shearwater

Puffinus tenuirostris Short-tailed Shearwater *

Puffinus puffinus Manx Shearwater *

Puffinus lherminieri Audubon's Shearwater

HYDROBATIDAE

Oceanites oceanicus Wilson's Storm-Petrel

Oceanodroma leucorhoa Leach's Storm-Petrel

Oceanodroma castro Band-rumped Storm-Petrel

PHAETHONTIDAE

Phaethon lepturus White-tailed Tropicbird

Phaethon aethereus Red-billed Tropicbird *

SULIDAE

Sula dactylatra Masked Booby

Sula leucogaster Brown Booby

Sula sula Red-footed Booby

Morus bassanus Northern Gannet

PELECANIDAE

Pelecanus erythrorhynchos American White Pelican

Pelecanus occidentalis Brown Pelican

PHALACROCORACIDAE

Phalacrocorax auritus Double-crested Cormorant

Phalacrocorax carbo Great Cormorant

ANHINGIDAE

Anhinga anhinga Anhinga

FREGATIDAE

Fregata magnificens Magnificent Frigatebird

ARDEIDAE

Botaurus lentiginosus American Bittern

Ixobrychus exilis Least Bittern

Ardea herodias Great Blue Heron

Ardea alba Great Egret

Egretta thula Snowy Egret

Egretta caerulea Little Blue Heron

Egretta tricolor Tricolored Heron

Egretta rufescens Reddish Egret

Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret

Butorides virescens Green Heron

Nycticorax nycticorax Black-crowned Night-Heron

Nyctanassa violacea Yellow-crowned Night-Heron

THRESKIORNITHIDAE

Eudocimus albus White Ibis

Eudocimus ruber Scarlet Ibis *

Plegadis falcinellus Glossy Ibis

Plegadis chihi White-faced Ibis *

Ajaia ajaja Roseate Spoonbill

CICONIIDAE

Mycteria americana Wood Stork

CATHARTIDAE

Coragyps atratus Black Vulture

Cathartes aura Turkey Vulture

PHOENICOPTERIDAE

Phoenicopterus ruber Greater Flamingo

ACCIPITRIDAE

Pandion haliaetus Osprey

Elanoides forficatus Swallow-tailed Kite

Elanus leucurus White-tailed Kite

Rostrhamus sociabilis Snail Kite

Ictinia mississippiensis Mississippi Kite

Haliaeetus leucocephalus Bald Eagle

Circus cyaneus Northern Harrier

Accipiter striatus Sharp-shinned Hawk

Accipiter cooperii Cooper's Hawk

Accipiter gentilis Northern Goshawk *

Buteo lineatus Red-shouldered Hawk

Buteo platypterus Broad-winged Hawk

Buteo brachyurus Short-tailed Hawk

Buteo swainsoni Swainson's Hawk

Buteo albonotatus Zone-tailed Hawk *

Buteo jamaicensis Red-tailed Hawk

Buteo regalis Ferruginous Hawk*

Buteo lagopus Rough-legged Hawk*

Aquila chrysaetos Golden Eagle

FALCONIDAE

Caracara plancus Crested Caracara

Falco tinnunculus Eurasian Kestrel *

Falco sparverius American Kestrel

Falco columbarius Merlin

Falco peregrinus Peregrine Falcon

RALLIDAE

Coturnicops noveboracensis Yellow Rail

Laterallus jamaicensis Black Rail

Rallus longirostris Clapper Rail

Rallus elegans King Rail

Rallus limicola Virginia Rail

Porzana carolina Sora

Porphyrula martinica Purple Gallinule

Gallinula chloropus Common Moorhen

Fulica americana American Coot

ARAMIDAE

Aramus guarauna Limpkin

GRUIDAE

Grus canadensis Sandhill Crane

Grus americana Whooping Crane (x)

CHARADRIIDAE

Vanellus vanellus Northern Lapwing *

Pluvialis squatarola Black-bellied Plover

Pluvialis dominica American Golden-Plover

Charadrius alexandrinus Snowy Plover

Charadrius wilsonia Wilson's Plover

Charadrius semipalmatus Semipalmated Plover

Charadrius melodus Piping Plover

Charadrius vociferus Killdeer

Charadrius montanus Mountain Plover *

HAEMATOPODIDAE

Haematopus palliatus American Oystercatcher

RECURVIROSTRIDAE

Himantopus himantopus Black-winged Stilt

Recurvirostra americana American Avocet

SCOLOPACIDAE

Tringa melanoleuca Greater Yellowlegs

Tringa flavipes Lesser Yellowlegs

Tringa solitaria Solitary Sandpiper

Catoptrophorus semipalmatus Willet

Actitis macularius Spotted Sandpiper

Bartramia longicauda Upland Sandpiper

Numenius phaeopus Whimbrel

Numenius americanus Long-billed Curlew

Limosa limosa Black-tailed Godwit *

Limosa haemastica Hudsonian Godwit

Limosa lapponica Bar-tailed Godwit*

Limosa fedoa Marbled Godwit

Arenaria interpres Ruddy Turnstone

Aphriza virgata Surfbird *

Calidris canutus Red Knot

Calidris alba Sanderling

Calidris pusilla Semipalmated Sandpiper

Calidris mauri Western Sandpiper

Calidris minutilla Least Sandpiper

Calidris fuscicollis White-rumped Sandpiper

Calidris bairdii Baird's Sandpiper

Calidris melanotos Pectoral Sandpiper

Calidris acuminata Sharp-tailed Sandpiper *

Calidris maritima Purple Sandpiper

Calidris alpina Dunlin

Calidris ferruginea Curlew Sandpiper

Calidris himantopus Stilt Sandpiper

Tryngites subruficollis Buff-breasted Sandpiper

Philomachus pugnax Ruff

Limnodromus griseus Short-billed Dowitcher

Limnodromus scolopaceus Long-billed Dowitcher

Gallinago gallinago Common Snipe

Scolopax minor American Woodcock

Phalaropus tricolor Wilson's Phalarope

Phalaropus lobatus Red-necked Phalarope

Phalaropus fulicaria Red Phalarope

LARIDAE

Catharacta maccormicki South Polar Skua *

Stercorarius pomarinus Pomarine Jaeger

Stercorarius parasiticus Parasitic Jaeger

Stercorarius longicaudus Long-tailed Jaeger

Larus atricilla Laughing Gull

Larus pipixcan Franklin's Gull

Larus minutus Little Gull *

Larus ridibundus Black-headed Gull *

Larus cirrocephalus Gray-hooded Gull *

Larus philadelphia Bonaparte's Gull

Larus heermanni Heermann’s Gull *

Larus belcheri Belcher’s Gull *

Larus delawarensis Ring-billed Gull

Larus californicus California Gull *

Larus argentatus Herring Gull

Larus thayeri Thayer's Gull *

Larus glaucoides Iceland Gull *

Larus fuscus Lesser Black-backed Gull

Larus schistisagus Slaty-backed Gull *

Larus hyperboreus Glaucous Gull

Larus marinus Great Black-backed Gull

Xema sabini Sabine's Gull

Rissa tridactyla Black-legged Kittiwake

Sterna nilotica Gull-billed Tern

Sterna caspia Caspian Tern

Sterna maxima Royal Tern

Sterna elegans Elegant Tern *

Sterna sandvicensis Sandwich Tern

Sterna dougallii Roseate Tern

Sterna hirundo